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Author Topic: Film fade from a possibly different angle ...
Osi Osgood
Film God

Posts: 10204
From: Mountian Home, ID.
Registered: Jul 2005


 - posted March 10, 2016 10:54 AM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Folks ...

I hope that I won’t be too redundant, but I think that I will be attacking this issue from a totally new direction and may have solved the issue of film fade; at least I have solved what IS causing the film fade.

This may only apply to optical sound super 8 films. it may also apply to magnetic sound super 8 as well. Here is what I have discovered …

I noticed a while back that, on my faded film print of “The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams”, on and off, upon scrutinizing the film frame with a nice little lenses I use for that purpose, I noticed that there is the smallest, thinnest bit of perfect color on the very edge of the frame, right next to the optical soundtrack. it is incredibly thin, but it is there.

Now, the interesting thing about that perfect color, is that, it’s not perfect red, perfect cyan blue or perfect yellow, it is not perhaps one or two spectrums of color with the other faded, no ... it is a perfect mix of all three color spectrums. I also noticed that this thin strip varies, in some spots a little thicker and at other points less thick or even, non-existent.

I also noticed that the actual optical soundtrack does not have a single bit of fade. I should also note that the thicker or thinner is always away from the optical soundtrack and the fade never bleeds into the optical soundtrack.

What this reveals is very interesting. It means that this layer that’s on the top that we have all assumed erroneously (I have as well, folks), is a faded film dye, is not that at all.
It appears to be some form of “fixative” that is placed on the film, in the process AFTER the image is first fixed on the film stock, and added afterwards. Please note that I call it a “fixative” and it no doubt has a technical name that only those who are involved in the chemical process of producing a film print, would know.

Now, here’s where I’m going beyond what I know and where I need the help of my no doubt, knowledgeable fellow form members …

Question: Being that this is not a part of the actual color layers and placed on top, would it be possible to remove this layer off the film, not harming the actual printed image and them, being that it seems essential to the film printing process, be replaced?

I should also note (and I have it on good authority), that super 8 optical sound prints did have an additional layer of what I think was called a wax layer added to the film, so that it would slide on through the optical super 8 projectors smoothly and also reducing scratching at the same time.

Why do I ask this? I have over 50 optical sound films in my collection, only a few actually faded, but they are quite rare prints that I would actually love to resurrect and yes, one of them is …. The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams”, of which, I can see the perfect color on the edge, underneath this cursed layer.

Ladies and Gentleman, I await you’re thoughts and help!

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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Brian Fretwell
Phenomenal Film Handler

Posts: 1785
From: London, UK
Registered: Jun 2014


 - posted March 10, 2016 04:06 PM      Profile for Brian Fretwell   Email Brian Fretwell   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
I do remember some home reversal film kits having a "Stabiliser" chemical to use after the bleach-fix, possibly formalin (I don't think it was formaldehyde). I've often wondered if this was a stage in Eastmancolor etc and mainly missed out by labs for speed/cost.

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Evan Samaras
Jedi Master Film Handler

Posts: 513
From: Queens, NY, USA
Registered: Oct 2015


 - posted March 10, 2016 10:48 PM      Profile for Evan Samaras   Author's Homepage   Email Evan Samaras   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
That would be incredibly irresponsible for them to skip the stabilizer step. Maybe that makes sense though? I feel like the folks at APUG could tell us about the chemical reactions and if this is a possibility

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...When there's no more room in hell, the dead will walk the Earth...

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Osi Osgood
Film God

Posts: 10204
From: Mountian Home, ID.
Registered: Jul 2005


 - posted March 11, 2016 11:18 AM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The thing that I found fascinating, is that that very slim bit of image at the very edge of the frame, does have perfect color, which means that whatever was placed on top is the "culprit" and if that could be carefully removed or replaced, and if it could be figured out by some savvy film collector/archivist ...

... many a fading print could be restored and the impact could be great, as sometimes, rare film footage (from, for instance, early roadshow versions of the film), that are faded today, could be restored brilliantly for posterity.

It would, of course, take sacrificing a piece of film for the purpose of an appropriate length and run it through the appropriate "baths" to either remove that layer or restore it, and then set it out for a good long while to see if the restoration process would actually work or not.

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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Stuart Reid
Jedi Master Film Handler

Posts: 720
From: Worthing, West Sussex, UK
Registered: Feb 2009


 - posted March 11, 2016 02:06 PM      Profile for Stuart Reid     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Osi, isn't this shutting the stable door after the horse has bolted? My thinking would be if the stabiliser wasn't used to stabilise the colour, the colour is now in an unstable (faded) state and can't be 'put back' as it's no longer there.

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Allan Broadfield
Master Film Handler

Posts: 452
From: Bromley, Kent
Registered: Nov 2010


 - posted March 11, 2016 06:50 PM      Profile for Allan Broadfield   Author's Homepage   Email Allan Broadfield   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
This subject has been tackled before in these columns (may 17th 2014). The thin strip of retained colour is most likely due to the fact that colour films, after processing of the picture had occured, went through an application unit which laid a sticky bead of developer along the track area bringing it back to a hard silver image which was needed for an acceptable sound response. (Before the introduction of cyan tracks on 35mm)
Any fringing into the picture area may appear to affect the colour image at that point.
This was a very precise procedure and sometimes the 'bead' would skew slightly into
the picture area more than others, accounting for the inconsistent width of the redeveloped area.

[ March 14, 2016, 03:51 AM: Message edited by: Allan Broadfield ]

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Adrian Winchester
Film God

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From: Croydon, London, UK
Registered: Aug 2004


 - posted March 12, 2016 08:01 AM      Profile for Adrian Winchester     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Allan - I'm curious regarding why the developer you mention was only applied to the track area. Was that simply to make it cheaper or was there any other reason? It seems unfortunate if at the time no one thought it was a route to low fade prints but I appreciate that no one would have been worrying about collectors viewing airline prints decades later!

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Adrian Winchester

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Osi Osgood
Film God

Posts: 10204
From: Mountian Home, ID.
Registered: Jul 2005


 - posted March 12, 2016 01:04 PM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
That IS interesting Allan, I'll have to look that up.

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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Allan Broadfield
Master Film Handler

Posts: 452
From: Bromley, Kent
Registered: Nov 2010


 - posted March 12, 2016 01:49 PM      Profile for Allan Broadfield   Author's Homepage   Email Allan Broadfield   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
No cheapness involved or any reference to fading prints. Once the normal picture process has been achieved we are left with a standard contrast print, but this is no good for the track which needs to be of high contrast to achieve good sound response. Therefore the track is redeveloped back to a hard silver image with a thick bead of developer laid down by the applicator. As i said, this is a very precise procedure and over the years proved to be costly due to applicator bleeding into the picture. This often happened when the stock was not dried properly.
This, along with the effects of the extra chemicals going down the drain opened the necessity for cyan tracks (on 35mm) to be developed which didn't require extra developement.
Osi posed this question which was more or less covered a couple of years ago.

[ March 14, 2016, 08:10 AM: Message edited by: Allan Broadfield ]

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Osi Osgood
Film God

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From: Mountian Home, ID.
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 - posted March 14, 2016 12:01 PM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Actually, this spin on it was truly brand new, I believe, but who knows, I could be wrong.

So, to sum up what you stated, that very narrow bead that was applied might be the reason that a very thin line of perfect color still remains on the print? if that's so, then dang, one wishes that they had applied this to the whole print. [Frown]

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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Allan Broadfield
Master Film Handler

Posts: 452
From: Bromley, Kent
Registered: Nov 2010


 - posted March 14, 2016 01:03 PM      Profile for Allan Broadfield   Author's Homepage   Email Allan Broadfield   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Yes but that would have left you with a contrasty hard silver image, which would have been unacceptable. The track needed to be that way but not the picture.
Unfortunately eastman colour started to fade something like ten years after production, this is why Technicolor prints are in demand as this was a different process entirely, and they tend to keep theircolours.

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Allan Broadfield
Master Film Handler

Posts: 452
From: Bromley, Kent
Registered: Nov 2010


 - posted March 16, 2016 10:17 AM      Profile for Allan Broadfield   Author's Homepage   Email Allan Broadfield   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Hi again Osi, I didn't mean to be the party bore, it's just that us old lab workers tend to get stuck in the past (before digital made us redundant), and that particular subject involving sountrack application was a pain, as it was the cause of a lot of reprints when the dreaded bead went astray. In the end the powers to be outlawed the silver tracks as so much waste chemicals were going down the drain.
I'm assuming that the aircraft optical prints were applicated in the track area, if someone says otherwise it would be interesting.
I'd still like to see some literature and pics on this subject.

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Osi Osgood
Film God

Posts: 10204
From: Mountian Home, ID.
Registered: Jul 2005


 - posted March 16, 2016 11:40 AM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
So would I, as there is so little (apart from the forums) written about the over 23 year history of those super 8 optical features, (and otherwise, as the assorted super 8 companies also experimented with releasing super 8 product with optical soundtracks).

One story that always makes me inwardly weep (and I first read it on here), was about a super 8 optical film lab, specifically for the airlines, that manufactured the prints over in England, and a super 8 lover was visiting the site and eye-witnessed an executive for one of the big companies, (MGM, FOX? Who knows which one), who supervised the actual physical destruction of a bunch of super 8 optical prints after the airline run was done for the feature. I mean, hacking apart for features. Man, if I had been there, I would have been crying!!!

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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Brian Fretwell
Phenomenal Film Handler

Posts: 1785
From: London, UK
Registered: Jun 2014


 - posted March 16, 2016 12:15 PM      Profile for Brian Fretwell   Email Brian Fretwell   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Yes, from what Derann said at the time they got some of the prints, this was part of the contract terms from the film producers. They only licensed them to the airlines on the strict condition that were to be destroyed after they went out of use.

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Adrian Winchester
Film God

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From: Croydon, London, UK
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 - posted March 17, 2016 10:22 AM      Profile for Adrian Winchester     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
All credit to Derann for the remarkable deal that saved prints of 'Sudden Impact', 'Little Shop of Horrors', 'Pale Rider' and 'City Heat' from destruction, but it's a shame that optical prints ended soon afterwards, meaning they obtained little else in the way of 'bulk' prints.

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Adrian Winchester

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Osi Osgood
Film God

Posts: 10204
From: Mountian Home, ID.
Registered: Jul 2005


 - posted March 17, 2016 11:49 AM      Profile for Osi Osgood   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
I have all of those except for "Sudden Impact" which I wouldn't mind finding. Some of these were printed on late Kodak SP film stock, however.

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"All these moments will be lost in time, just like ... tears, in the rain. "

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